激励性法律规制:面向要素市场化的高校教师流动治理策略

Incentive Legal Regulation:The Governance Strategy of College Teachers’Mobility Oriented to Factor Marketization

“有效市场+有为政府”是市场条件下治理高校教师流动的关键。在要素市场化转型中,我国高校教师流动治理出现了双重失灵的困境,扭曲的市场价格机制、高外部性的恶性人才竞争等引发了市场失灵,传统“命令-控制”方式失效、制定法自相矛盾等导致了政府干预的失灵。激励性法律规制因具有尊重市场规律、弱化行政控制色彩、追求教育公平等价值,被认为是一种能够克服双重失灵的治理策略。其在原有市场模式和规制结构下,通过“激励相容”的技术逻辑以及权利-义务、成本-收益的分配,特殊待遇、资格、荣誉的赋予等法律激励为主的实践逻辑,引导高校教师资源的合理配置。为此,需要对现行法律制度从宏观和微观两方面进行检视和完善,以保证治理效果。

“Effective market+promising government”is the key to managing the mobility of college teachers under market conditions.In the market-oriented transformation of factors,there is a dilemma of double failure in the governance of college teachers’mobility in China.The distorted market price mechanism and vicious competition for talents with high externalities have caused market failure,and the traditional“command-control”mode has failed,and the formulation law contradicts itself,which has led to the failure of government intervention.Incentive legal regulation is considered as a governance strategy that can overcome double failures because of its value of respecting market rules,weakening administrative control and pursuing educational fairness.Under the original market model and regulatory structure,it guides the rational allocation of college teachers’resources through the technical logic of“incentive compatibility”,and the practical logic of legal incentives,such as the distribution of rights-obligations,costs-benefits,and the granting of special treatment,qualifications and honors.Therefore,it is necessary to examine and improve the current legal system from macro and micro aspects to ensure the governance effect.