因灾返贫政府干预的基本逻辑和作用机制

The Basic Logic and Mechanism of Government Intervention in Returning to Poverty Due to Disaster

我国脱贫攻坚成果举世瞩目,但因灾返贫问题仍值得充分重视。由于贫困具有自我强化机制,仅依靠自身较易陷入贫困的恶性循环,而政府干预不仅有利于快速恢复因灾返贫群体的生产能力和生活秩序,帮助其实现跨区域合理流动,而且会强化因灾返贫群体的心理激励,重构因灾返贫群体社会网络。因灾返贫的政府干预体现了我国以人为本的执政理念和社会主义制度优势,已成为巩固和拓展脱贫攻坚成果的重要举措和制度安排。精准扶贫战略的成功实施使脱贫人口的人力资本和劳动效率得到普遍提升,为因灾返贫政府干预迅速取得成效奠定了坚实基础。因灾返贫不仅在短期内需要政府干预,从长期来看还需要构建治理型政策和机制,实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴的有效衔接。

The achievements of poverty alleviation in China have attracted worldwide attention,but the problem of returning to poverty due to disaster is still worthy of attention.Because poverty has self-reinforcement mechanism,it is easy to fall into the vicious circle of poverty only by oneself.Government intervention not only helps restore the production capacity and living standard of people returning to poverty due to disaster,promotes their rational cross regional mobility,but also strengthens their psychological incentive and reconstructs their social network.Government intervention of returning to poverty due to disaster reflects the ruling idea of people-oriented and the advantages of socialist system,and has become an important measure and institutional arrangement to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation.The successful implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy has generally improved the human capital and labor efficiency of the poverty-stricken population,and laid a solid foundation for the rapid achievement of government intervention in poverty alleviation due to disasters.Returning to poverty due to disaster not only needs government intervention in the short term,but also needs to build governance policies and mechanisms in the long run to align efforts to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation with efforts to promote rural revitalization.