数据成为生产要素:特征、机制与价值形态演进

Data Becomes a Factor of Production:Characteristics,Mechanisms,and the Evolution of Value Form

随着数字经济的发展,数据成为战略性资源,成为新生产要素。本文以数据要素特征分析为切入点,研究数据成为生产要素的理论机制、运行机制和价值形态演进过程。从理论机制看,数据的生产力属性、数字技术的支撑性、数据符合成为关键生产要素的特征使数据成为生产要素。从运行机制看,数据的虚拟替代性、多元共享性、跨界融合性、智能即时性作用于企业模式创新机制、产业融合关联创造机制、智能决策实现机制。数据要素运行机制形成的过程,既是数据形态从“数据资源—数据资产(产品)—数据商品—数据资本”的演进过程,也是价值形态从“潜在价值—价值创造—价值实现—价值增值(倍增)”的演进过程。因此,数据形态的演进过程与价值形态的演进过程具有动态一致性;并且,数据价值形态的动态演进过程贯穿于数据要素机制运行的全过程,实现数据形态、价值形态、运行机制三者有机统一。

With the development of digital economy,data has become a strategic resource,a new factor of production.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of data element,this paper studies the theoretical mechanism,operational mechanism and the evolution process of value form in which data becomes a factor of production.From the perspective of theoretical mechanism,the productivity attribute of data,the support of digital technology to data,and the characteristic of data conforming to becoming key production factors make data become a factor of production.From the perspective of operational mechanism,the virtual substitution,multiple sharing,cross-boundary integration and intelligent instantaneity of data act on the innovation mechanism of corporate model,the creation mechanism of industrial integration and association,and the realization mechanism of intelligent decision-making.The formation process of operation mechanism is not only the evolution process of data form from"data resource—data asset(product)—data commodity—data capital",but also the evolution process of value form from"potential value—value creation—value realization—value increment(multiplication)".Therefore,the evolution of data form and the evolution of value form have dynamic consistency,and the dynamic evolution process of data value form runs through the whole process of the operation of data element mechanism,realizing the organic unification of data form,value form and operational mechanism.