不同环境中空间定向能力的研究与应用

Research and Application Advances of Spatial Orientation Ability under Different Circumstances

为系统分析和探讨不同环境下空间定向能力的深层机制及应用进展,从空间维度的视角出发,系统介绍了目前在地面环境中对物理层面的二维和三维空间定向的测量研究和应用,以及在特因环境中对心理层面空间定向的研究范式以及空间定向障碍与训练的研究;在此基础上提出解释空间定向能力的参照原则假说、空间表征策略理论和空间相容性理论以及特因环境的感觉冲突理论,并尝试从工效学角度为空间定向能力的训练与提高从影响因素、任务范式及研究手段3方面提出展望。

To systematically analyze the underlying mechanism of spatial orientation ability under different environments and review the application advances,the measurement study and application of two-dimensional and three-dimensional spatial orientation ability in normal environment,as well as the spatial disorientation and training in special environment from the perspective of spatial dimension were introduced.Then the reference principle hypothesis,the spatial representation strategy theory,the spatial compatibility theory and sensory conflict theory under different conditions were sorted out.Finally,from the aspects of influencing factors,task paradigms and research methods,some ideas and enlightment for the training and improvement of space orientation ability were put forward.