转型之道:莫里斯总督制的建立与影响

The Way of Transformation:The Establishment and Influence of Maurice Governor System

莫里斯承续了拜占庭早期的政治改革成果,尤其借鉴了查士丁尼时期的“军政合权”,同时结合东哥特王国与汪达尔王国逐渐形成的“蛮族”治理军事化的因素,最终在北非和意大利实行总督制改革。总督区内的经济与社会生活比较活跃,其在政治上与中央政府的统一政策具有一定的调适性,在宗教上见证了罗马教会与君士坦丁堡教会在本地区的博弈。总督制的实行有效缓解了帝国的外部危机,但却为内部的分离与地方势力的增强埋下了伏笔。

Maurice carried on the political reform of Byzantine in the early period,especially drawing lessons from Justinian’s“combination of military and political power”,combined with the factors of the militarization of“barbarian”governance gradually formed in the Orogothic Kingdom and the Vandal Kingdom,and finally implemented the vicarage system reform in North Africa and Italy.The economic and social life in the viceroy area was relatively active,which was politically adaptable to the unification policy of the central government.In religion,it witnessed the game between the Roman Church and the Church of Constantinople in this area.The viceroy system effectively alleviated the external crisis of the empire,but foreshadowed the internal separation and the strengthening of local power.