PC/硅氧烷复合材料的阻燃抑烟机理研究

Flame retardant and smoke suppression mechanism of PC/siloxane composites

聚碳酸酯(PC)作为性能优异的工程塑料被广泛用于高铁、飞机等特殊领域,但其燃烧时热释放及产烟量较大,故对其进行抑烟阻燃改性便尤为重要。通过将商用有机硅阻燃剂与抗滴落剂复配制备PC复合材料,证明在添加3 wt%的有机硅阻燃剂后即可使PC达到V0级,LOI上升至34.5%,热释放速率峰值下降58.86%,烟及CO2释放速率峰值分别下降34.10%和68.05%。同时,通过扫描电镜等表征进一步对机理进行分析,即阻燃剂中的硅元素受热向表面迁移,形成致密绝热的隔热层,从而达到阻燃抑烟的作用。

As an engineering plastic with excellent performance,polycarbonate(PC)is widely used in particular fields such as high-speed railways and airplanes.However,PC’s heat release and smoke production are relatively large during combustion,so it is essential to modify PC to suppress smoke and flame retardant.In this paper,PC composite is prepared by compounding commercial silicone flame retardant and an anti-dripping agent.It is proved that the addition of 3 wt%of silicone flame retardant can make PC reach V0 level,the LOI rises to 34.5%,the peak of heat release decreases by 58.86%,the peaks of smoke and CO2 release rates decrease by 34.10%and 68.05%,respectively.The mechanism is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and other characterizations.It is revealed that the silicon element in the flame retardant is heated to migrate to the surface to form a dense and heat-insulating insulation layer,which achieves the effect of flame retardant and smoke suppression.