基于改进的整数规划法结合零注入节点的PMU优化配置方法

PMU placement method based on improved integer programming method combined with zero injection buses

为了提高同步相量测量装置的优化速度并利用最少数量的相量量测单元(PMU),结合零注入节点的特性,提出了基于整数规划算法的PMU优化配置算法。根据电力系统全网的可观测性建立其数学模型,并考虑了零注入节点的相关特点,求解系统模型获得PMU的优化位置。对IEEE-14节点、IEEE-18节点、IEEE-30节点以及IEEE-118节点系统分别进行了实验仿真,并利用Matlab以及Lingo工具对所提改进的整数规划法进行了验证,对约束方程进行优化,获得了PMU的数量和位置。将该算法与整数规划算法、模拟退火法以及改进过的遗传算法相比较,该算法可以用更少数量的PMU设备使全网可观,验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。

To improve the optimization speed of the Phasor Measurement Unit(PMU)and to use the minimum number of PMUs,combined with the characteristics of zero injection buses,an algorithm of a PMU placement method based on an integer programming algorithm is proposed.Looking at the observability of the whole power system,a mathematical model is established,and the characteristics of zero injection buses are considered.The optimal positions of PMUs are obtained by solving the system model.The IEEE 14-bus,IEEE 18-bus,IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus system are simulated,and the improved integer programming method proposed in this paper is verified by Matlab and Lingo tools.The constraint equation is optimized,and the position and quantity of PMUs are obtaind.Compared with integer programming,simulating anneal arithmetic and the improved genetic algorithm,this algorithm can effect the power system observability using fewer PMUs.The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified.