超声弹性成像在新生儿颅脑疾病的应用进展

Application progress of ultrasonic elastography in neonatal craniocerebral diseases

超声是新生儿颅脑检查最常用的诊断方式,是首选的影像学方法,但是传统颅脑超声的主要缺点是早期某些病变的低灵敏度和特异度。而磁共振成像(MRI)是目前最敏感和特异的神经系统成像方法,但是护送危重新生儿去检查MRI需要医护人员陪同,同时新生儿必须保持相当长的时间,需要镇静,伴随着外送的抢救风险。因此非常需要一种新的技术来弥补。超声弹性成像是一种新型的超声成像技术,有可能完善常规超声的灵敏度和特异度,同时可以扩大颅脑超声适应证。现就超声弹性成像在新生儿颅脑疾病的诊治中的应用进行综述。

Ultrasound is the most common diagnostic method of neonatal craniocerebral examination,is the preferred imaging method,but the main disadvantage of traditional craniocerebral ultrasound is the low sensitivity and specificity of some early lesions.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is currently the most sensitive and specific method of neurological imaging,but escorting a critically ill newborn to MRI examination requires medical personnel to accompany,and the newborn must be kept for a considerable time,need to be sedated,with the risk of extrapolation.So a new technology is needed to compensate.Ultrasound elastography(EUS)is a new type of ultrasound imaging technique,which may improve the sensitivity and specificity of conventional ultrasound and expand the indications of craniocerebral ultrasound.This paper reviews the application of ultrasound elastography in diagnosis and treatment of neonatal craniocerebral diseases.