疑诊发育迟缓儿童的智能发育测试结果分析

Analysis of intellectual development test results in children with suspected developmental retardation

目的分析疑诊发育迟缓儿童智能发育水平,为早期筛查及有效干预提供依据。方法选取412例因疑诊发育迟缓于儿童保健门诊就诊的儿童为研究对象,采用智能发育测试分析比较不同性别疑诊发育迟缓儿童的发育商水平。结果412例疑诊发育迟缓儿童月龄2.0~71.6月,总发育商为(85.4±15.4)分,发育商中下和低下水平共174例。男童中下和低下发育的发生率(126/252,50.0%)高于女童(48/160,30.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.773,P<0.001)。女童各能区的发育商均高于男童,其中个人-社交、语言、精细动作、适应性行为能区差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男童的个人-社交行为、语言、适应性行为、精细动作和大运动能区发育中下和低下发生率均高于女童,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论疑诊发育迟缓儿童中个人-社交和语言发育问题明显,尤其应关注男童。

Objective To analyze the intellectual developmental level of children with suspected developmental retardation,and to provide a basis for early screening and effective intervention.Methods A total of 412 children with suspected developmental retardation were selected for the study.Intelligence development test was used to analyze and compare the development quotient levels of children with suspected developmental retardation of different genders.Results 412 children with suspected developmental retardation were aged from 2.0 to 71.6 months,and the total developmental quotient was(85.4±15.4)points.There were 174 children with intermediate and low levels of the developmental quotient.The prevalence of intermediate and low development was higher in boys(126/252,50.0%)than in girls(48/160,30.0%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.773,P<0.001).Girls had higher developmental quotients in all functional areas than boys,with statistically significant differences in personal-social,language,fine motor,and adaptive behavior functional areas(P<0.05).Boys had a higher prevalence of intermediate and low development in the personal-social behavior,language,adaptive behavior,fine motor,and large motor functional areas than girls,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions The problems of personal-social and language development are obvious in children with suspected developmental retardation,especially in boys.