北京市海淀区部分中学生性知识、态度及需求途径调查分析

Investigation and analysis of knowledge,attitude and demand pathways of middle school students in Haidian District,Beijing

目的了解北京市海淀区青少年的性与生殖健康知识及需求,为实施青少年保健综合服务项目提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,对海淀区3所学校4个年级的学生进行匿名问卷调查。结果317名被调查对象中,48.3%学生认为青少年出现自慰、性幻想是正常现象,10.7%学生认为异常,41.0%学生表示不清楚。被调查者对性病及避孕方法认知程度不够,认为体外射精和安全期是可靠避孕方法的分别占35.2%和26.2%。学生希望获得健康相关信息的途径前3位分别是医务人员面对面咨询、家长、学校健康教育课。结论海淀区青少年性知识水平仍待提高,政府部门应制定可持续性发展的多部门合作机制,充分发挥医疗机构、学校、家庭的重要作用,为青少年提供全方位、可接受的性与生殖健康服务。

Objective To understand the knowledge and demand of sexual and reproductive health among the adolescents in Haidian District,and to provide a basis for the implementation of a comprehensive adolescent health service program.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among students selected by cluster random sampling in four grades in three schools in Haidian District.Results Of the 317 respondents,48.3%of the students thought it was normal for adolescents to experience masturbation and sexual fantasies,10.7%thought it was abnormal and 41.0%said they were not sure.Respondents'knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases and contraceptive methods was low,with 35.2%and 26.2%believing that in vitro ejaculation and safe periods were reliable contraceptive methods,respectively.The most top three ways which students would like to receive health-related information were face-to-face consultations with medical staff,parents,and health education classes.Conclusions The level of sexual knowledge among adolescents in the Haidian District still needs to be improved.Government should develop a sustainable multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism and fully motivate the significant roles of medical institutions,schools and families to provide a full range of acceptable sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents.