益生菌干预对婴儿肠道微生态及生长发育的影响

Effects of probiotic intervention on intestinal microecology and growth of infants

目的研究早期益生菌干预对婴儿肠道微生态建立及生长发育的影响。方法观察并比较母乳喂养组72例、单纯人工喂养组84例和益生菌干预组84例足月新生儿干预后第3天、第1月及第6月粪便标本中双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌水平,双歧杆菌与大肠杆菌的数量比值(B/E值)及生长发育指标。结果母乳喂养组、益生菌干预组干预后第3天、第1月及第6月的粪便双歧杆菌定量结果、粪便B/E比值均高于同期单纯人工喂养组,此2组干预后第3天和第1月的粪便大肠杆菌定量结果均低于同期单纯人工喂养组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后第6月,母乳喂养组、益生菌干预组的身长和神经发育商结果均高于单纯人工喂养组,肥胖率均低于单纯人工喂养组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肠道微生态的稳态对婴儿的生长发育较为关键,相较于单纯人工喂养,益生菌干预更有助于婴儿肠道微生态的建立和生长发育。

Objective To study the effects of an early probiotic intervention on the establishment of intestinal microecology as well as the growth of infants.Methods The levels of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia col(E.coli),the number ratio of Bifidobacterium to Escherichia coli(B/E),and growth indicators in fecal specimens on the third day,first month and sixth months after intervention were observed and compared in 72 cases in the breastfeeding group,84 cases in the artificial feeding group and 84 full-term newborns in the probiotic intervention group.Results The quantitative results of fecal Bifidobacterium and B/E ratio of the breastfeeding group and the probiotic intervention group at the third day,first month and sixth month after intervention were higher than the artificial feeding group during the same period,and the quantitative results of fecal E.coli of the two groups at the third day and first month after intervention were lower than in the artificial feeding group during the same period,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At the sixth month post-intervention,the breastfeeding group and the probiotic intervention group both had higher length and neurodevelopmental quotient results than the artificial feeding group,and lower obesity rates,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions The homeostasis of the intestinal microecology is critical to the growth of infants.Compared with artificial feeding,probiotic intervention is more helpful for the establishment of intestinal microecology and infants’growth and development.