地理微观尺度的中学教育资源均衡性量化研究

A Quantitative study on the equity of middle educational resources on the geographical micro-scale

随着社会和经济的发展,国家和公众比以往都更加重视文化教育事业的发展,教育资源在空间分布的均衡性成为发展教育的重要内容之一.文章基于地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析技术,借助公平性理论和集中指数,对江门市江海区级尺度的中学教育资源配置均衡性进行研究.研究结果显示:各街道的中学数量差异明显,个别街区的学校分布稀疏,难以满足所有居民点学生就近入学的原则;江海区中学的交通可达性总体上较差;通过集中指数分析,江门市江海区的中学分布与人口分布保持一致,各个街道的居民享有的中学教育资源比较均衡.研究结论可为中学的空间优化配置与规划提供参考.

With the development of society and economy,Chinese government and the public are paying more attention to the development of culture and education than ever.Based on the spatial analysis technology of geographic information system(GIS),this paper aims at the specific area of Jianghai district,Jiangmen city,and evaluates the fairness of the spatial distribution of middle schools.Finally,according to the evaluation results of fairness,it discusses the spatial layout of the middle schools in Jianghai district,Jiangmen city.The spatial layout of the middle schools in Jianghai district,Jiangmen city is moderately reasonable,and the school facilities are well integrated within the population distribution.However,from the perspective of spatial accessibility,some residential areas are outside of the service areas of middle schools which makes students unable to go to the nearest school because of the long distance.In the urban and rural planning and development,the distribution of schools should fully consider the most convenient way to school all students(including parents),and conduct a scientific spatial accessibility analysis to meet the requirement of minimum transportation expenses.