自修复型超疏水表面的研究进展

Research progress in self-healing superhydrophobic surfaces

超疏水表面因其优异的使用性能在实际生活中具有广阔的应用前景,但在受到物理或化学等作用的损伤下,超疏水表面极易被破坏而丧失超疏水性能,导致其使用寿命缩短,因此制备具有自修复性能的超疏水表面是当今研究的热点之一。以构筑超疏水表面的两个必要条件为切入点,从低表面能物质的自修复、表面粗糙结构的自修复、低表面能物质和表面粗糙结构的同步自修复3个方面综述了自修复型超疏水表面的研究进展,并对自修复型超疏水表面的应用进展进行了总结,最后展望了自修复型超疏水表面今后的发展趋势,以期为自修复型超疏水表面的发展提供借鉴与指导作用。

Superhydrophobic surface has broad application prospects in real life due to its excellent performance.However,it easily loses superhydrophobicity when damaged by physical or chemical effects,resulting in a shortened service life.Therefore,the preparation of superhydrophobic surface with self-healing property is one of the hot spots in current research.This paper takes two necessary conditions for constructing superhydrophobic surface as the starting point and reviews the research progress of self-healing superhydrophobic surface from three aspects,including self-healing of low-surface energy substances,self-healing of surface roughness,and simultaneous self-healing of both low-surface energy substances and surface roughness.The application progress of self-healing superhydrophobic surface is also summarized.And the future development trend of self-healing superhydrophobic surface is finally prospected in order to provide reference and guidance for the development of self-healing superhydrophobic surface.