吉林露水河阔叶红松林乔木植物群落结构与多样性

Structure and Diversity of Arbor Plant Community in Broad-leaved Korean Pine Forest in Lushuihe Town,Jilin Province

为明确阔叶红松林群落结构和多样性变化特征,在露水河东升林场内布设50个20 m×20 m样地,分析群落的物种组成、径级结构、垂直结构和α多样性变化.结果显示:群落内共调查到乔木植物13科21属32种,优势种为红松、髭脉槭、色木槭、紫花槭、紫椴;径级结构呈倒“J”形曲线,在小径级以槭属、暴马丁香等小乔木为主,大径级以红松、紫椴占比较大;垂直结构第1高度级个体数量占比为89.17%,至第6高度级后极为稀少,随着高度级的增加,槭属、枫桦逐渐减少,红松、紫椴逐渐增加;各样地间个体数差异较大,Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数差异较小;物种分布受坡度、坡向、土层厚度、土壤水分、海拔的影响显著,其中,坡度是限制研究区物种分布的主要因素.

In order to clarify the change characteristics of the community structure and diversity of the broad-leaved Korean pine forest,a total of 50 sample plots(20 m×20 m)were set up in the Dongsheng Forest Farm in Lushuihe town to analyze the species composition,diameter class structure,vertical structure andαdiversity.The study results showed that a total of 32 species of tree plants in 13 families,21 genera were investigated in the community.The dominant species were Pinus koraiensis,Acer barbinerve,Acer mono,Acer pseudosieboldianum,Tilia amurensis,etc.The diameter class structure is an inverted“J”-shaped curve,and the small diameter class is dominated by Acer genus and Syringa reticulata,while the large diameter class is mainly composed of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis.The number of individuals at the first height level of the vertical structure accounted for 89.17%,and was extremely rare after the sixth height level.With the increase of the height level,pioneer species such as Acer genus and Betula costata gradually decreased,and negative species such as Pinus koraiensis,Tilia amurensis gradually increased.The number of individuals differed greatly among the various plots,and the Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou index had relatively little differences.Species distribution is significantly affected by slope,aspect,soil thickness,soil moisture,and altitude,among which the slope is the main factor restricting the distribution of species in the study area.