2016-2019年阳江市居民健康素养监测现状分析

Analysis on the status quo of health literacy monitoring of residents in Yangjiang city from 2016 to 2019

目的分析2016—2019年阳江市居民健康素养监测现状。方法采取随机分层抽样法,选取2016—2019年阳江市6个县(市、区)的15-69岁常住居民18347名为研究对象,以问卷调查的方式对其进行健康素养水平调查与监测。结果不同年份的总体健康素养水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2019年居民的总体健康素养水平为(17.08%)明显高于2016年(8.78%)、2017年(10.06%)、2018年(12.36%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年份的基本知识和理念素养水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2019年居民基本知识和理念素养水平(31.02%)明显高于2016年(24.05%)、2017年(26.02%)、2018年(28.13%),健康生活方式与行为素养水平、基本技能素养水平(16.69%、19.12%)明显高于2016年(13.80%、14.51%)、2017年(14.27%、16.10%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年份的居民六类健康问题素养水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2019年居民六类健康问题素养水平(49.98%、28.08%、19.10%、56.22%、19.55%、32.53%)均明显高于2016年(32.70%、20.72%、9.98%、34.74%、10.08%、20.20%)、2017年(38.94%、20.86%、12.59%、40.01%、12.92%、22.33%)、2018年(43.22%、22.73%、16.16%、49.62%、16.60%、27.51%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阳江市居民健康素养水平有逐年上升的变化趋势,应加大力度开展健康宣教工作,以进一步提高居民的健康素养水平。

Objective To analyze the status quo of health literacy monitoring of residents in Yangjiang city from 2016 to 2019.Methods A total of 18347 permanent residents aged 15-69 in 6 counties(cities,districts)of Yangjiang city from 2016 to 2019 were selected as the research objects according to the random stratified sampling method.And their health literacy level was investigated and monitored by means of questionnaire survey.Results The overall health literacy levels in different years were compared,with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).The overall health literacy level of residents in 2019 was 17.08%,which was significantly higher than 8.78%,10.06%and 12.36%in 2016,2017 and 2018,respectively,all with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).The basic knowledge and concept literacy level in different years were compared,with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).In 2019,the basic knowledge and concept literacy level of residents was 31.02%,which was significantly higher than 24.05%,26.02%and 28.13%in 2016,2017 and 2018,respectively.The levels of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy and basic skills literacy were(16.69%,19.12%),which were significantly higher than(13.80%,14.51%)and(14.27%,16.10%)in 2016 and 2017,respectively,all with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).The literacy levels of 6 types of health problems of residents in different years were compared,all with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).In 2019,the literacy levels of 6 types of health problems of residents were(49.98%,28.08%,19.10%,56.22%,19.55%,32.53%),which were significantly higher than(32.70%,20.72%,9.98%,34.74%,10.08%,20.20%),(38.94%,20.86%,12.59%,40.01%,12.92%,22.33%)and(43.22%,22.73%,16.16%,49.62%,16.60%,27.51%)in 2016,2017 and 2018,respectively,with statistical significance differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of health literacy of residents in Yangjiang city has a trend of increasing year by year,so it is necessary to intensify health education to further improve the health literacy level of residents.