老城区地铁站空间使用综合评价研究

Research on Comprehensive Evaluation of Underground Space Utilization in Subway Stations of Old Town

老城区的特殊区位属性对地铁站空间的高效使用提出考验,有必要构建合理的评价体系与方法,明辨地铁站点更新建设的重点改进方向。文章以北京市老城区内4个地铁站点为样本收集问卷调查数据,基于因子分析得出地铁站空间使用评价指标体系的维度划分与权重,确定“功能组织”“空间衔接”“辅助设施”“场所意象”“物理环境”为准则层,21个评价指标作为因素层的综合评价体系,然后利用模糊综合评价法对样本站点进行测度研究,各样本地铁站使用评价综合得分为南锣鼓巷站>东四站>雍和宫站>西单站,再运用IPA法进一步比较分析各站点优势与短板因素的差异。最后提出北京市老城区地铁站空间的优化发展策略。

The special location attribute of the old town makes the development and efficient utilization of underground space in subway stations face challenges,so it is necessary to establish a reasonable evaluation system and method,and identify the key improvement direction of subway station renewal and construction.This study chose four subway stations located in the old town of Beijing as samples and collected the questionnaire data.Firstly,based on factor analysis,the dimension division and weight of the evaluation index system are obtained.A comprehensive evaluation system with“functional organization”,“spatial cohesion”,“auxiliary facilities”,“site image”and“physical environment”as the standard layer and 21 evaluation indicators as the factor layer were determined.Then,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to measure the index satisfaction of the sample stations,and the results of the comprehensive evaluation score of each sample subway station showed Nanluoguxiang station>Dongsi station>Yonghegong station>Xidan station.The differences of advantages and disadvantages of each station are further analyzed by IPA method.At last,this study puts forward the optimal development strategy of underground space of subway stations in Beijing old town.