类似必要共同诉讼的产生与适用--兼论连带债务的共同诉讼形态

The Emergence and Application of Similar Necessary Co-litigation with Reference to the Form of Co-litigation of Joint and Several Debt

基于对合一确定的不同把握,大陆法系诉讼理论对类似必要共同诉讼适用范围的界定也有所不同,但总体呈现出由扩张到限制的发展方向,其类似必要共同诉讼的发展历程和制度构成值得借鉴。我国对类似必要共同诉讼的引入与连带债务诉讼密切相关,导致这一制度呈现扩张适用的现象,有违实体法和诉讼法原理。宜将连带债务的诉讼形态确定为普通共同诉讼,将类似必要共同诉讼的适用范围限定于既判力扩张的基础上,并以此为基础构建其理论体系和程序规则。

Based on the different understanding of the rule syncretic certainty,the theory of civil law system defines the scope of application of similar necessary co-litigation differently.But on the whole,it shows the development direction from expansion to limitation,and the development process and system constitution of the similar necessary co-litigation should be used for reference.The introduction of the similar necessary co-litigation in China is closely related to the joint and several liabilities,which leads to the expansion of the application of this system and violates the principles of substantive law and procedural law.Therefore,the litigation form of joint and several debts should be ordinary co-litigation,so as to limit the scope of similar necessary co-litigation to the expansion of res judicata,and build its theoretical system and procedural rules on this basis.