铜仁市职业女性工作场所母乳喂养支持现状调查

Investigation on the status quo of workplace breastfeeding support for professional women in Tongren City

目的了解铜仁市职业女性工作场所母乳喂养支持现状并进行影响因素分析。方法采用随机抽样的方法,于2019年9月至2020年9月用一般资料调查表和中文版工作场所母乳喂养支持量表在铜仁市两所综合性医院对274名职业女性进行问卷调查并分析。结果铜仁市职业女性工作场所母乳喂养支持得分为(52.25±10.96)分。家庭月收入不同,职业女性工作场所母乳喂养支持总分、环境支持维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=2.747、3.000,P<0.05);全职工作的职业女性设施支持维度得分低于非全职工作者,两者比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.102,P<0.01);不同工作单位性质的职业女性,总得分、同事支持维度得分、环境支持维度得分比较差异均具有统计学意义(F=4.562、3.571、4.161,P<0.05)。不同日工作时间,环境支持维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.837,P<0.05);返岗后喂养方式的不同,总得分、同事支持维度、环境支持维度得分比较差异均有统计学意义(t=2.667、3.621、2.220,P<0.05)。结论铜仁市职业女性工作场所母乳喂养支持处于中等水平,环境支持和同事支持情况较好,设施支持较匮乏。相关部门及各单位仍需加大对母乳喂养友好型工作场所建设的支持力度,同时根据职工自身特点制订有针对性的干预措施。

Objective To understand the status quo of workplace breastfeeding support for professional women in Tongren City,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods A random sampling method was adopted to conduct an investigation and analysis on 274 professional women in 2 general hospitals in Tongren City from September 2019 to September 2020 with the General Information Questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale.Results The score of workplace breastfeeding support for professional women in Tongren City was(52.25±10.96).There were significant differences in total score of workplace breastfeeding support and scores in environmental support dimension among professional women with different monthly household income(F=2.747,3.000,P<0.05).The scores in facility support dimension were lower among full-time professional women than part-time workers,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.102,P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in total scores,scores in co-worker support dimension,and scores in environmental support dimension among professional women with different workplace natures(F=4.562,3.571,4.161,P<0.05).Meanwhile,there was statistically significant difference in the scores in environmental support dimension among professional women with daily working hours(F=3.837,P<0.05).Besides,there were statistically significant differences in total score,scores in co-worker support dimension,and scores in environmental support dimension among professional women with different feeding modes upon return to work(t=2.667,3.621,2.220,P<0.05).Conclusion Workplace breastfeeding support for working women in Tongren City is at a medium level,with good environmental support and co-worker support but insufficient facility support.The support for the construction of breastfeeding-friendly workplaces needs to be enhanced by relevant departments and units,and the targeted interventions according to workers'own characteristics should be developed at the same time.