2016-2018年河南省健康人群破伤风抗体水平监测

Tetanus antibody levels in healthy people in Henan province, 2016-2018

目的了解河南省健康人群破伤风抗体水平。方法 2016-2018年采用单纯随机抽样方法在河南省县级监测点选择健康人群,开展人群破伤风免疫状况评估,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清抗破伤风类毒素IgG抗体(IgG antibody against tetanus toxoid, Anti-TT),分析抗体阳性(≥0.01IU/mL)率、充分保护(≥0.1IU/mL)率和几何平均浓度(Geometric mean concentration, GMC)。结果 2016-2018年河南省健康人群总Anti-TT阳性率、充分保护率、GMC分别为83.67%(1 240/1 482)、50.47%(748/1 482)、0.099IU/mL。年龄别阳性率、充分保护率、GMC分别从<1岁儿童的100%(31/31)、90.32%(28/31)、0.136IU/mL下降至15-19岁人群的73.94%(139/188)、26.60%(50/188)、0.011IU/mL和≥50岁人群的38.10%(40/105)、3.81%(4/105)、0.003IU/mL。在破伤风疫苗接种人群中,三项Anti-TT指标均随着接种时间的延长而下降。结论 2016-2018年河南省健康人群破伤风抗体水平以儿童较高而成人偏低;建议开展15岁以上青少年和成人破伤风疫苗免疫。

Objective To determine tetanus antibody levels in healthy people in Henan province.Methods We used a simple random sampling method to recruit healthy individuals during 2016-2018 at county-level monitoring points of Henan and assess their tetanus antibody levels for a population-based assessment of tetanus immunity. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect IgG antibody against tetanus toxoid(anti-TT) in sera for analyses of positivity(≥0.01 IU/mL), full protection(≥0.1 IU/mL), and geometric mean concentration(GMC) of anti-TT.Results The overall positivity rate, full protection rate, and anti-TT GMC were 83.67%(1 240/1 482), 50.47%(748/1 482), and 0.099 IU/mL, respectively. Age-specific positivity rates, full protection rates, and GMCs decreased from 100%(31/31), 90.32%(28/31), and 0.136 IU/mL among <1-year-olds to 73.94%(139/188), 26.60%(50/188), and 0.011 IU/mL among 15-19-year-olds, and to 38.10%(40/105), 3.81%(4/105), and 0.003 IU/mL among ≥50-year-olds. Each of the three anti-TT indicators decreased with increasing time since vaccination with tetanus-containing vaccines.Conclusions Tetanus antibody levels were high among children but low among adults during 2016-2018 in Henan. We recommend tetanus vaccination of adults and ≥15-year-old adolescents.