青海省2004-2019年甲型肝炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Qinghai province,2004-2019

目的分析青海省2008年实施扩大免疫规划前后甲型肝炎(甲肝)流行病学特征。方法通过全国法定传染病报告系统收集青海省2004-2019年甲肝报告病例,比较分析2008年实施扩大免疫规划前后甲肝发病特征。结果青海省2004-2019年共报告甲肝9843例,年均报告发病率为10.84/10万,其中2004-2007年、2008-2013年、2014-2019年分别为16.37/10万、12.29/10万、6.08/10万;各市州年均发病率在6.40/10万-15.32/10万之间;0-14岁、15-29岁、30-44岁、45-59岁、60-74岁、≥75岁人群年均发病率(/10万)分别为19.35、9.67、7.89、6.62、9.35、15.56,其中0-14岁儿童2004-2007年、2008-2013年、2014-2019年年均发病率(/10万)分别为30.31、24.65、5.66。结论青海省2004-2019年甲肝发病率呈下降趋势,但发病仍以儿童为主;需加强适龄儿童甲肝疫苗常规免疫和重点地区或人群甲肝防控工作。

Objective To determine epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A before and after introduction of hepatitis A vaccine(HepA)into the Expanded Program on Immunization(EPI)in Qinghai province.Methods We obtained data on hepatitis A cases that were reported to the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System during 2004-2019 in Qinghai and compared hepatitis A incidences before and after introducing HepA into EPI in 2008.Results A total of 9843 hepatitis A cases were reported during 2004-2019 in Qinghai,for an annual average incidence of 10.84 cases per 100000 population.Incidences per 100000 in 2004-2007,2008-2013,and 2014-2019 were 16.37,12.29,and 6.08,respectively.Incidence by prefecture ranged from 6.40 to 15.32 per 100000.Incidences among 0-14-,15-29-,30-44-,45-59-,60-74-,and≥75-year-olds were 19.35,9.67,7.89,6.62,9.35,and 15.56 per 100000.Incidences among 0-14-year-olds were 30.31,24.65,and 5.66 per 100000 in 2004-2007,2008-2013,and 2014-2019.Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis A decreased during 2004-2019 in Qinghai,although incidence remained high in children.We should enhance routine childhood HepA vaccination and prevention and control of hepatitis A in priority areas and populations.