免疫规划循证决策的国内外进展与展望

International and Chinese evidence-based decision making for immunization policy:progress and prospects

免疫规划循证决策是各国卫生工作的重要内容。国家免疫规划专家咨询组织(National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups,NITAG)是专门成立的践行循证决策的独立组织,由多学科专家组成,负责就疫苗接种特定主题收集、整理、分析和评估相关证据,向政府卫生部门提供循证决策建议。世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)建议各国均成立NITAG,以确保政府部门出台疫苗相关公共政策的决策过程具有循证依据支持。本文介绍了WHO免疫战略专家咨询组织和不同国家NITAG的免疫规划循证决策进展和实践经验、中国免疫规划专家咨询组织的发展历程以及2017年成立的国家免疫规划专家咨询委员会和国家免疫规划技术工作组的工作机制、进展和展望。

Evidence-based decision-making for immunization policy is a high priority for global health.National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups(NITAGs)are independent technical advisory bodies developed specifically for this purpose.NITAGs are multidisciplinary groups of national experts responsible for collecting,reviewing,and assessing scientific evidence on specific vaccine-related topics.They provide independent,evidence-informed policy-related recommendations to health authorities.The World Health Organization(WHO)has repeatedly recommended that countries establish NITAGs so that governments are able to develop logical and evidence-based immunization policy.In this paper,we review the practices of WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization(SAGE),NITAGs in different countries,and China’s historic NITAGs.We then describe working mechanisms,progress,and future plans of China’s recently(in 2017)established new NITAG,the National Immunization Advisory Committee,and its technical working groups.