摘要
近年来,纳滤膜(NF)以其较高水渗透性能、良好水/盐选择性和相较于反渗透膜(RO)低工作压力等优势被广泛应用于水处理和水回用中。然而传统的商品NF的分离性能具有局限性,例如对人体有益的矿物质去除率过高、对污染物去除率偏低,而且渗透性能-选择性能的制衡等问题严重制约了NF的发展及潜在的应用。详细介绍了NF膜在水处理和水回用中的应用及NF结构优化和改性的最新进展;回顾了通过对NF膜除盐层的孔隙率、亲水性、表面官能团及表面带电性等改性方式来提高NF的渗透性、选择性、抗污染、抗菌和耐氯能力等取得的研究成果;最后展望了新型NF膜在水处理和水回用领域的发展。
In recent years,nanofiltration(NF)membranes have been extensively applied in water treatment and water reuse,such as drinking water treatment,seawater pretreatment,brackish water treatment and industrial water treatment,because of their relatively higher water permeance,selectivity and lower operation pressure.However,conventional commercial NF membranes have high rejection of minerals that are beneficial for human body at certain concentration and low rejection against harmful contaminants.In addition,the separation performance of conventional NF membrane is constrained by permeability-selectivity trade-off,known as the upper bound.This paper systematically summarizes the recent progress of nanofiltration based on its structural optimization and various modifications.Furthermore,it highlights the recent progress for modifying NF membranes focusing on optimizing porosity,hydrophilicity,surface functionalization,as well as manupulating membrane charge to improve membrane permselectivity,anti(bio)fouling and antichlorine properties.The future development trend of novel NF membranes in the context of water/waste water treatment and water reuse is also discussed.
作者
杨哲
戴若彬
文越
王立
王志伟
汤初阳
YANG Zhe;DAI Ruo-bin;WEN Yue;WANG Li;WANG Zhi-wei;TANG Chu-yang(Department of Civil Engineering,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期1-12,共12页
Environmental Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0408200)
香港资研局优配研究金(17204220)。
关键词
纳滤
水处理
水回用
纳米掺杂纳滤膜
中间层纳滤膜
nanofiltration
water treatment
water reuse
nano doped nanofiltration membrane
intermediate layer nanofiltration membrane