低共熔溶剂中电解分离铜镍合金

Electrolytic Separation of Copper-nickel Alloy in Deep Eutectic Solvent

以氯化胆碱-乙二醇低共熔溶剂(ChCl-EG DES)为电解液,铜镍合金和钛片分别作为阳极和阴极,在90℃下对铜镍合金进行了电解分离,并在阴极获得了高纯铜粉。系统研究了温度和CuCl浓度对CuCl-ChCl-EG DES黏度和电导率的影响。结果表明,CuCl-ChCl-EG的黏度随着温度的升高而减小,随着CuCl浓度的升高而增大。温度和CuCl浓度的升高都会增大CuCl-ChCl-EG的电导率。电解实验发现,当CuCl浓度增大时,电流效率先增大后减小,电能单耗则相反。当CuCl浓度为2 mol/L时,铜、镍分离过程的电流效率高达99.23%,而电能单耗低至498.50 kW·h/t。电解分离能够获得粒径约为50-150μm的不规则块状铜粉,其纯度高达99.97%。

Copper-nickel alloys were separated via electrolysis at 90℃and high-purity copper powders were obtained from cathode.Choline chloride-ethylene glycol deep eutectic solvent(ChCl-EG DES)was used as the electrolyte.Cu-Ni alloys and Ti sheet were used as anode and cathode,respectively.The effects of temperature and CuCl concentration on the viscosity and conductivity of CuCl-ChCl-EG DES were analyzed systematically.Results indicated that the viscosity of CuCl-ChCl-EG decreased with the raising of temperature,while increased as the CuCl concentration.The conductivity of CuCl-ChCl-EG can be increased with the raising of temperature and CuCl concentration.Electrolysis experiments showed that when the CuCl concentration increased,the current efficiency increased firstly and then decreased,while the specific energy consumption was the opposite.At 2 mol/L CuCl concentration,the current efficiency and specific energy consumption were 99.23%and 498.50 kW·h/t respectively,during the electrolytic separation of copper-nickel alloys.Irregular and blocky Cu powders in particle size of 50—150μm were obtained,and the purity is up to 99.97%.