政治态度的家庭代际传承--基于265对亲子样本的分析

An Empirical Analysis of Intergenerational Transmission of Political Attitudes Based on 265 Paired Samples

政治态度的代际传承是一个混合了政治态度形成的内因和外因的综合性机制。国外在政治态度的代际传承研究上已经取得不少成果,而国内鲜有研究。笔者以265对亲子样本为研究对象,探索性地分析了政治态度家庭代际传承存在的可能性以及可能的作用机制。对政治态度的分析从一般社会态度、基础政治态度和具体政治或政策议题的态度三个方面展开。研究发现,在一般性社会态度和基础性政治态度上,中国人政治态度的传承较为明显,而在具体的政治或政策议题上,这种传承则因议题不同而有所不同。研究通过结构方程模型检验,发现在亲子态度的传承机制上是通过“父母人格—子女人格—子女态度”的路径产生影响,而非“父母人格—父母态度—子女态度”的路径。在此基础上,文章对今后中国人政治态度代际传承的研究重点做了探讨。

Intergenerational transmission of political attitudes is a complex mechanism that involves both internal and external causes.A large amount of research has been conducted on this topic internationally,but few studies have been carried out in China.Using 265 pairs of samples collected from college students and their parents,this research explores the possibility of intergenerational transmission of political attitudes and its possible causal mechanism in China.This research divides attitudes into three specific categories:general social attitudes,basic political attitudes and attitudes towards specific political or policy issues.It concludes that the transmission of general social attitudes and basic political attitudes from parents to children does take place,while as for specific political or policy issues,whether transmission takes place depends on the specific issue.In terms of transmission mechanism,the path“parents'personality-children's personality-children's attitudes”has been verified but the other path“parents'personality-children's attitudes-children's attitudes”has not been supported empirically.Based on these findings,it gives the future research agenda on this topic.