宁夏干旱风沙草原区紫花苜蓿固定喷灌水肥耦合试验

Coupling Experiment of Water and Fertilizer with Fixed Spray Irrigation on Alfalfa in Arid Sand Savanes of Ningxia

[目的]研究宁夏干旱风沙草原区紫花苜蓿固定喷灌水肥协同效应和水肥管理制度。[方法]以苜蓿为试验材料,通过大田试验对不同水肥组合下固定喷灌紫花苜蓿株高、土壤水分、产量及水分生产效率等指标进行综合分析。[结果]苜蓿株高随灌水量的增加而增加,现蕾期和分枝期耗水量显著大于其他生育阶段;处理T_(4)和T_(10)苜蓿产量和水分利用效率均较高,且均无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]宁夏干旱风沙草原区苜蓿固定喷灌水肥耦合灌溉制度为灌溉定额3600 m^(3)/hm^(2),灌水次数为9次;施肥量为N 75 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)105 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 90 kg/hm^(2)。

[Objective]To study the synergistic effects and management system of water and fertilizer of alfalfa with fixed spray irrigation in arid sand savanes of Ningxia.[Method]Taking alfalfa as test materials,the plant height,soil moisture content,yield,water production efficiency and other indices of alfalfa with fixed spray irrigation under different water and fertilizer combinations were analyzed through field experiment.[Result]The plant height of alfalfa increased with the increase of water irrigation amount.Water consumption in budding stage and branching stage was significantly higher than that in other growth stages.Treatment T_(10)and T_(4)had higher yield and water use efficiency,and there was no significant difference between the two treatments.[Conclusion]The water-fertilizer coupling irrigation system of alfalfa with fixed spray irrigation in arid sand savanes of Ningxia was as follows:the irrigation quota was 3600 m^(3)/hm^(2),irrigation times was 9 times;the fertilization amount of N,P_(2)O_(5)and K_(2)O were 75,105 and 90 kg/hm^(2)respectively.