不同类型家庭农场运营效率评价与影响因素分析——来自浙江的经验证据

Evaluation of Operation Efficiency and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Different Types of Family Farms—The Empirical Evidence from Zhejiang Province

基于浙江省13个市(县、区)的150个家庭农场调查数据,采用数据包络方法对不同类型家庭农场的运营效率进行测度评价,运用Tobit模型对影响家庭农场运营效率的因素进行实证检验。结果表明:粮油类家庭农场的运营效率最高,其次是水果类家庭农场,最后是蔬菜类家庭农场;随着土地经营规模扩大,家庭农场的运营效率先上升后下降,粮油类、蔬菜类和水果类家庭农场的平均适度经营规模分别为8.97、1.21和1.76 hm^(2);除了土地经营规模,影响3类家庭农场运营效率的共性因素还包括农场主受教育程度、从事农场劳作年限、农场固定资产价值、雇佣费用、地均种植补贴、贷款满意度、家庭成员是否参加农技培训、是否加入合作社和地均土地租金;影响3类家庭农场运营效率的差异性因素包括农场主性别、劳动力数量、作物市价、农场到镇域距离和农地块数。

Based on the survey data of 150 family farms in 13 cities(counties and districts)of Zhejiang Province,this paper uses the data envelopment method to measure and evaluate the operation efficiency of different types of family farms,and uses the Tobit model to make an empirical test of the factors affecting the operation efficiency of family farms.The results showed that the operation efficiency of grain and oil family farms was the highest,followed by fruit family farms and vegetable family farms.With the enlargement of the scale of land operation,the operation efficiency of three types of family farm down after rising first.The average moderate operating scale of grain and oil,vegetable and fruit family farms respectively was 8.97,1.21 and 1.76 hm^(2).Beside the scale of land operation,the common factors affecting the operation efficiency of three types of family farm also include farmers’education level,years of farm work,value of farm fixed assets,employment cost,planting subsidy,loan satisfaction,whether family members participate in agricultural technology training,whether join cooperatives and land rent.The differences factors that affect the operating efficiency of three types of family farms include the farmer’s gender,labor force,crop market value,farm-town distance and the number of farmland blocks.