“军令状”模式:地方政府在应对突发事件中的责任制形态

"Military Order" Mode: The Form of Local Government's Responsibility System in Dealing With Emergencies

中国从2003年非典期间的官员问责以来,官员问责不断由中央层面辐射到地方层面。目前,许多地区的行政部门纷纷推出“问责制”。中国的问责机制呈现出双轨的形态,即在常规治理下的“目标管理责任制”和在重大突发事件治理下的“问责风暴”。本文主要论述第二种问责机制,在重大突发事件中,常规治理下的目标管理责任制不足以应对,因此需要将“责任状”转变为“军令状”,党组织迅速介入行政体制统合各个部门采取雷霆行动,以“问责风暴”席卷各个地区。事实证明,在此次新冠肺炎疫情中,“军令状”模式的采用有效保证了地方政府对中央政令的执行。“军令状”模式的研究对于指导国家治理实践具有深远意义,同时也丰富了公共治理理论。

Since the accountability of officials during SARS in 2003,the accountability of officials has been radiated from the central level to the local level.At present,the administrative departments in many regions have introduced the“accountability system”.China's accountability mechanism presents a dual-track pattern,namely,“target management responsibility system”under conventional governance and“accountability storm”under the governance of major emergencies.This paper mainly discussed the second accountability mechanism.In major emergencies,the target management responsibility system under conventional governance is not enough,so it is necessary to change the“respon-sibility form”into“military order form”.The party organization quickly intervenes in the administrative system to integrate various departments to adopt ultimate revenge,and"accountability storm" sweeps across all regions.Facts have proved that in this pneumonia epidemic in COVID-19,the adoption of"military order"mode effectively ensured the local government's implementation of the central government order.The study of the model of“military writ”has far-reaching significance for guiding the practice of state governance,and also enriches the theory of public governance.