职业院校“1+X”证书制度试点建设存在的问题及对策--以宁波城市职业技术学院为例

Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Pilot Construction of “1+X” Certificates System in Vocational Colleges--Taking Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology as an Example

根据《国家职业教育改革实施方案》和《关于在院校实施“学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书”制度试点方案》两个文件,对“1+X”证书从内涵和制度框架两个层面进行剖析,在此基础上,以宁波城市职业技术学院18个试点证书为例,对其在运行过程中遇到的问题和取得的成绩进行归纳和总结,再从社会层面和学校层面提出相应的建议:社会层面,一是要加强培训制度建设,二是要加强资源共享建设,三是要加强评价机制建设;学校层面要从组织保障、经费保障、制度保障三个方面,为“1+X”证书制度顺利运行保驾护航。

The research is based on two files——《The Implementation Plan of National Vocational Education Reform》and《On the Pilot Scheme of Implementing the System of“Diploma Plus Certificates of Vocational Skills”in Colleges and Universities》.First of all,this paper analyzes the connotation and institutional framework of 1+X certificates.Based on it,taking 18 pilot certificates as examples,the paper summarizes the problems and achievements in the process of operation,and puts forward relevant suggestions from the social level and school level.At the social level,the first is to strengthen the training system construction,social level second,the second is to strengthen the construction of resource sharing and the third is to strengthen the construction of evaluation mechanism.At the school level,it is necessary to guarantee the smooth operation of 1+X certificate system from three aspects:organization guarantee,fund guarantee and system guarantee.