藏药黑腺美饰悬钩子生药学研究

Pharmacognosy research on Tibetan medicine Rubus melanadenus Stem

目的:对藏药黑腺美饰悬钩子进行生药学研究。方法:采用性状鉴别、显微鉴别和TLC方法进行药材鉴别研究,进行水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分和浸出物检查;基于UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-HRMS技术进行化学成分分析。结果:黑腺美饰悬钩子药材呈半圆柱形,表面有纵向皱沟、突起的侧枝痕及白色的皮刺基,易折断,断面不平;茎木质化严重,木栓细胞呈扁平长方形,皮层窄,韧皮射线呈漏斗状;粉末纤维多,单个或成束存在,导管多为具缘纹孔导管,偶见梯纹、螺纹导管;以儿茶素为对照品建立薄层色谱鉴别方法;水分6.37%~9.77%,总灰分1.22%~1.97%,酸不溶灰分0.37%~0.55%,浸出物9.40%~17.55%;共推测出8个有机酸类,2个黄酮类,2个生物碱类成分。结论:研究结果为藏药黑腺美饰悬钩子质量标准研究提供基础。

Objective:To study the systematic pharmacognosy identification and preliminary chemical composition of Tibetan medicine Rubus melanadenus Stem.Method:Character identification,microscopic identification,and TLC were carried out.The contents of moisture,total ash,acid insoluble ash,aqueous extracts,and alcohol extracts were detected.UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-HRMS was used to analyze the chemical composition.Result:The medicinal material were semicylindrical with twisted longitudinal creases,protuberant side branches,and white mark of peeling prickles on the surface,which were easy to break and uneven in section.The stem was seriously lignified,the phellem cell was flat and rectangular,the cortex was thin and the phloem rays were funnel-shaped.Powder fibers existed singly or in bundles.Pitted vessels were common,spiral and scalariform vessels were occasionally found.The TLC specific spectrum of Rubus melanadenus Stem were established with catechin as index.The content of moisture,total ash,acid insoluble ash and alcohol extracts were 6.37%~9.77%,1.22%~1.97%,0.37%~0.55%and 9.40%~17.55%,respectively.Compounds from the extract of Rubus melanadenus Stem were identified including 8 organic acids,2 flavonoids,and 2 alkaloids.Conclusion:This study can provide a reference for the quality study of Tibetan medicine Rubus melanadenus Stem.