数据垄断领域必需设施原则的审慎适用

Prudent Application of Essential Facilities Doctrine under Data Monopoly

数据日益成为企业在市场竞争中的核心竞争力,伴随而来的数据垄断行为频繁发生。与其他垄断行为相比,数据垄断更容易跨越市场边界、形成多层垄断,适用必需设施原则可以有效打破杠杆效应导致的多层垄断现象。但也面临着数据构成必需设施的标准繁杂、适用必需设施原则的竞争者范围不明、数据共享的合法性边界模糊、强制数据共享打击投资动力等问题。通过分析研究,数据垄断领域需要在限定条件下审慎适用必需设施原则。

Data has increasingly become the core competitiveness of enterprises in the market competition,accompanied by the frequent data monopoly.Compared with other monopolistic behaviors,data monopoly is easier to cross the market boundary and form multi-level monopolistic behaviors.Applying essential facilities doctrine can break the multi-level monopolistic behaviors.However,there are also some problems,such as a variety of standards on what constitutes an essential facility,ambiguous scope of competitors that apply essential facilities doctrine,ambiguous boundaries on the legality of data sharing and compulsory data sharing to combat investment motivation.Through analysis,it is necessary to apply essential facilities doctrine prudently under limited conditions in the field of data monopoly.