RET融合型非小细胞肺癌的研究进展

Research Progress of Fusion Genes RET in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

过去的20年来,随着分子生物学研究的不断进展,非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的治疗方法不断发展,靶向治疗使驱动基因突变阳性患者的生存期得到了改善。越来越多的靶点逐渐被发现,针对不同驱动基因的药物将NSCLC的治疗带入了一个前景广阔的靶向时代。在NSCLC的诸多驱动基因中,转染原癌基因(transfection proto-oncogene gene,RET)融合是除了表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)、间变淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)及c-ros原癌基因1-受体酪氨酸激酶(c-ros oncogene 1,receptor tyrosine kinase,ROS1)以外又一个重要的新兴靶点,针对RET基因融合的靶向药物不断推陈出新,近来新型高选择性RET抑制剂BLU-667和LOXO-292获得了重要突破。本文将对NSCLC中RET基因融合突变的概述、检测方法、临床病理特征、靶向治疗及耐药后的研究进展进行综述。

In the past 20 years,with the development of molecular biology,the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)has been developing.Targeted therapy has improved the survival period of patients with positive mutation of tumor driver gene.More and more targets have been found gradually.Drugs targeting different driving genes have brought the treatment of NSCLC into a promising target era.Among the many driving genes of NSCLC,the fusion of transfection proto oncogene(RET)is the addition of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),analytic lymphama kinase(ALK)and c-ros oncogene 1-receptor tyrosine kinase(ROS1)are emerging targets.Targeted drugs for RET gene fusion have been constantly updated.Recently,new high selective RET inhibitors blu-667 and loxo-292 have made important breakthroughs.This paper will review the review of the fusion mutation of RET gene in NSCLC,the detection methods,clinicopathological characteristics,targeted treatment and the research progress after drug resistance.