森林公园游客恢复性知觉、场所依恋与幸福感的关系研究

Research on the Relationship among Forest Park Tourists'Restorative Perception,Place Attachment and Well-Being

从游客的认知和情感体验出发,构建结构方程模型,以福州国家森林公园为例进行验证,理清了游客恢复性知觉、场所依恋和幸福感三者之间的关系。结果表明:游客的恢复性知觉虽然对场所认同没有直接影响,但可以通过场所依赖的中介作用间接促进场所认同;场所依赖虽然对幸福感没有直接影响,但可以通过场所认同的中介作用间接促进幸福感;恢复性知觉对游客幸福感的影响路径有简单的影响路径“恢复性知觉→幸福感”和综合复杂的影响路径“恢复性知觉→场所依赖→场所认同→幸福感”2条。因此,森林公园要在提高环境游憩质量的基础上,不断加强园区管理服务水平,在确保森林旅游产品有效供给的同时,强化环境的情感记忆与文化符号,为游客提供高品质的认知与情感体验,以期促进游客幸福感的提升。

⑴Background——Well-being is an important psychological index of an individual's healthy quality of life.Many scholars agree that tourism experience can promote tourists'well-being.There is a close relationship among tourists'restorative perception,place attachment and well-being.Therefore,it is necessary to study the specific influence paths among the three.⑵Methods——This paper uses SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 software for data analysis,by proposing research hypotheses,constructs a structural equation model,and uses Fuzhou National Forest Park as an example to verify and analyze the relationship between restorative perception,place attachment and well-being.Finally,this paper uses bootstrap to test the mediation effect.⑶Results——The research results show that the restorative perception of tourists can have a significant positive impact on place dependence(β=0.809,p<0.01),and place dependence has a significant positive impact on place identity(β=0.926,p<0.01).Therefore,although restorative perception has no direct and significant impact on place identity(β=0.036,p=0.545),it can have an indirect and significant positive impact on place identity through the mediating effect of place dependence(β=0.749,p<0.01).This shows that as tourists'restorative perception deepens,people will first have a sense of dependence on this environment,and then enhance their sense of identity.The reason for this phenomenon may be due to the difference between people's cognitive experience and emotional experience during travel.Tourists'place identity can directly affect well-being(β=0.482,p<0.01).Therefore,although place dependence has no direct and significant impact on well-being(β=-0.074,p=0.587),it can have an indirect and significant positive impact on well-being through the mediating effect of place identification(β=0.446,p<0.01).This shows that there is a closer relationship between place identity and well-being,and a deep emotional experience is needed to improve people's well-being in the tourism experience.Restorative perception can directly affect well-being,and theβ-value of direct effect is 0.478(p<0.01).In addition,restorative perception can also have an indirect effect on well-being through place attachment.Theβ-value of the indirect effect is 0.361(p<0.01),and theβ-value of the total effect is as high as 0.839(p<0.01).This shows that when a forest park has the characteristics of distance,extensibility,charm and compatibility,and tourists can spontaneously produce functional dependence on the environment and cultural identity in the forest park,then the tourism experience in this environment is most likely to improve tourists'well-being.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above research results,tourists'restorative perception,place dependence and place identity will all have direct or indirect effects on well-being.Therefore,this paper puts forward the following suggestions.First of all,it is necessary to improve the recreational quality of the environment and create attractive landscapes,thereby enhancing tourists'restorative perception.Secondly,it is required to improve park management and service,focus on the construction of infrastructure,and improve the effective supply of forest tourism products.Finally,it is suggested to meet the emotional needs of tourists and create a forest cultural brand to arouse tourists'sense of identity.