基于泰尔指数实证分析我国医疗卫生资源配置的差异性

Empirical Analysis of the Differences in the Allocation of Medical and Health ResourcesBased on Theil Index in China

目的:通过分析我国2009—2018年医疗卫生资源配置差异性,为优化医疗卫生资源配置提供依据。方法:运用描述性分析、泰尔指数计算方法,对财政补助收入、卫生机构数、卫生技术人员数、床位数4个指标,从人口数量、地理面积两个维度分析我国31个省市自治区2009—2018年医疗卫生资源配置的地区内差异与地区间差异。结果:我国医疗卫生资源配置人口公平性高于地理公平性。同时,地区内差异为人口公平性差异的主要因素,东部地区是造成该差异的主要原因;地区间差异为地理公平性差异的主要因素,西部地区是造成该差异的主要原因。结论:应通过缩小东中西地区间差距和东部地区内差距;重视地理公平性;优化我国卫生人力资源配置结构;优化政府主导的多元化投入体系,促进全国医疗资源配置的合理分布。

Objective:By analyzing the differences in the allocation of medical and health resources in my country from 2009 to 2018,it provides a basis for follow-up research and the optimal allocation of medical and health resources.Methods:Using the four indicators of financial subsidy income,number of health institutions,number of health technicians,and number of beds,from the two dimensions of population and geographic area,combined with descriptive analysis and Theil index method to analyze the medical and health care of 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2009 to 2018 intra-regional and inter-regional differences in resource allocation.Results:The demographic fairness of my country′s medical and health resource allocation is higher than geographic fairness.At the same time,intra-regional differences are the main factors for population equity differences,and the eastern part is the main reason for the differences.Inter-regional differences are the main factors for geographical equity differences,and the western part is the main reason for the differences.Conclusion:It is necessary to narrow the gap between the eastern,central and western regions and the gap in the eastern region,and attach importance to geographic equity,and optimize the structure of my country′s health human resource allocation,and optimize the government-led diversified investment system to promote the rational distribution of national medical resources.