北京市HIV/AIDS患者营养知识及BMI自我认知状况分析

Analysis of knowledge for nutrition and BMI among HIV-infected people in Beijing

目的了解北京市HIV/AIDS患者营养知识知晓率、BMI自我认知以及营养知识需求。方法在北京定点治疗医院的就诊或者咨询的HIV/AIDS患者中,通过非政府组织自愿参与问卷调查,并在医院内测量体重、身高。结果接受调查的HIV/AIDS患者获得有效问卷345份,被调查人群营养方面总的知晓率仅为35.4%(122/345),特别是针对HIV/AIDS患者的特殊营养需求知晓率更低。有65.2%(225/345)的HIV/AIDS患者从没有接受过营养的培训或专业的营养宣教,69.3%(239/345)以上的HIV/AIDS患者愿意接受营养知识的教育。有49.9%(172/345)的HIV/AIDS患者BMI指数与自我认知一致,但超重和肥胖的男性认为自己不胖,消瘦的女性认为自己肥胖的认知错误更多。结论北京地区HIV/AIDS患者的营养知识及BMI指数自我认知状况令人担忧,但是他们对营养知识有需求,应加强对他们的营养宣教和指导。

Objective To investigate nutrition knowledge awareness,self-recognition of BMI,and the needs assessment for nutrition among people living with HIV(PLWH)in Beijing.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey among PLWH who visited HIV treatment designated hospitals for HIV counseling,treatment,and care in Beijing.We also measured the height and weight of those visiting PLWHs.Results We collected 345 valid questionnaires from PLWH.Only 35.4%(122/345)demonstrated to have the awareness of nutrition knowledge in general,and the awareness of special nutritional needs for PLWH was even lower.65.2%(225/345)of investigated PLWH never had nutrition-related training or education.More than 69.3%(239/345)of PLWH surveyed were willing to receive the nutrition education.About 49.9%(172/345)of PLWH surveyed had a BMI consistent with the self-recognition.However,males who were overweight and obese were not aware of their situations.There was a miss perception among lean women who perceived themselves as obese.Conclusion The awareness of nutrition knowledge and self-recognition of BMI among PLWH in Beijing is suboptimal.There is a great need to learn more knowledge of nutrition among PLWH.It is critical to strengthen nutrition-related education among PLWH in Beijing.