信息量调控:标题语言创新的内在机制

Information Content Control:The Inherent Mechanisms of Creative Use of Title Language Innovation

按照"语言特区"理论(徐杰、覃业位2015),诗歌文体、标题口号和网络平台等特定领域中语言规则可以被合理合法地突破,规则的突破可发生于语法、语义、词汇甚至是语音层面。本文拟讨论语言特区中的一种新型用法——语用层面的突破与创新。我们以标题语言为研究对象,从信息量的角度揭示语言特区语用创新的内在机制。研究表明,标题信息编码包括"常态信息"与"非常态信息"两种基本类型,分别与标题的简单性和新颖性相契合。其中"非常态信息"的潜显是实现标题语言创新的重要条件,其内在机制在于信息量的调控,具体包括两种调控手段:其一是信息量的扩充,包括立场表达型、警告提醒型、信息来源型、人际互动型;其二是信息量的抑制,包括整体抑制型、部分抑制型。标题语言的创新机制同样适用于包括语言特区在内的诸多其他领域语言。厘清这一内在机制,可望对很多纷繁复杂的语言创新现象做出简单却又统一的解释。

According to the"Special Language Domain"theory(Xu and Qin,2015),language rules in specific genres like poetry,title,slogan and network platform can be reasonably and grammatically broken,and the broken rules may occur at the levels of grammar,semantics,vocabulary and even phonetics.This paper discusses a new type of uses,namely the breakthrough and innovation at the pragmatic level.Taking title language as the research object,this paper reveals the built-in mechanism of pragmatic innovation in special Language Domain from the perspective of information content,It has been found that the title information encoding includes two basic types:"normal information"and"abnormal information",which correspond to the simplicity and novelty of the title respectively.The latent manifestation of"abnormal information"is an important condition for the realization of title language innovation,and its built-in mechanism lies in the regulation of information content.It includes two kinds of regulation methods:one is the expansion of information content;the other is the suppression of information content.The innovation mechanism of title language is also applicable to languages in many other fields.Clarifying this built-in mechanism is expected to provide a simple but unified explanation for many complicated linguistic innovation phenomena.