朱启钤《哲匠录》与20世纪初中国设计史研究之滥觞

Zhu Qiqian’s Zhejiang Lu and the Beginning of Study on Chinese Design History in 20th Century

在我国设计史学史研究的语境里,有关中国设计史研究的兴起是十分晚近之事,在当前诸多相关研究之中却颇少有人关注到“哲匠”这一充满中国传统文化色彩的称谓。尽管这一称谓自古便有,但作为一个清晰的概念却始自朱启钤所辑的《哲匠录》。由朱氏《哲匠录》编纂可见其之于20世纪初期对中国设计史研究所具有的划时代意义,即通过对中国“设计师”的学脉梳理与内容辑录,重构了以建筑设计为核心的中国设计史研究体系。由此,《哲匠录》在中国设计史研究上的重要性有如西人佩夫斯纳《现代设计的先驱者》之于西方设计史研究的地位。《哲匠录》中尤以设计中之人的角色和建筑设计为论述要领,经此既展现出朱氏汇通中西的学术视野,更使得对“哲匠”的研究乃至中国营造学社的成立与《中国营造学社汇刊》的诞生成为了20世纪初引领中国设计史研究迈入现代学术世界的重要标志。

In the context of the research on the history of design history in China,the rise of it recently,in the current many related studies,few people pay attention to the term Zhejiang(master)from Chinese traditional culture.Although this term as a concept has existed since ancient times,it clearly started from Zhejiang Lu(Records of Masters)compiled by Zhu Qiqian.It can be said that the compilation of Zhu's Zhejang Lu reconstructs Chinese design history research system centered on architectural design.Therefore,the importance of Zhejang Lu in the study of Chinese design history is similar to that of Pevsner's"Pioneer of Modern Design"in Western design history.Especially,Zhejang Lu focuses on the role of the person in design and architectural design,which not only shows the academic vision of Zhu’s integration of Chinese and Western,but also makes the research on Zhejiang became an important symbol that led the research of Chinese design history into the modern academic world in the early 20th century.