民族地区旅游产业集聚对旅游生态效率的影响研究——以湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州为例

Research on the Influence of Tourism Industry Agglomeration in Ethnic Regions on Tourism Ecological Efficiency--A Case Study of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei

本文以少数民族聚集区——湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州(以下简称恩施州)为研究对象,利用恩施州2007—2018年的旅游业及相关经济、环境指标数据,基于区位熵法和Super-SBM模型分别测度了恩施州的旅游产业集聚度和旅游生态效率水平,并运用VAR模型探讨了旅游产业集聚对旅游生态效率的影响作用。研究结果表明:(1)恩施州旅游产业集聚水平呈波动上升趋势,但各县市旅游产业集聚水平存在较大差异;(2)在研究期内,旅游生态效率随时间推移呈增长态势,但两极分化现象较严重,仅恩施、巴东和咸丰的旅游生态效率的投入产出相对达到了合理水平,其它县市均亟待进一步的调整和优化;(3)在2007—2018年间,恩施州旅游产业集聚对旅游生态效率的贡献度逐年上升,旅游产业集聚对旅游生态效率具有正向影响作用。

Selecting Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture as the research object and using the tourism development and related economic and environmental indicator data of Enshi Prefecture from 2007 to 2018,this article measures the concentration of tourism industry and the level of tourism ecological efficiency based on the location entropy method and the Super-SBM model.The article also uses the VAR model to explore the effect of tourism industry agglomeration on tourism ecological efficiency.The research results show that(1)Enshi Prefecture’s tourism industry agglomeration level showed a fluctuating upward trend,but there were big differences in the tourism industry agglomeration degree in various counties;(2)during the study period,the tourism ecological efficiency showed an increasing trend over time,but the polarization was more serious.Only the input and output of tourism ecological efficiency in Enshi County,Badong County and Xianfeng County reached a reasonable level.Other counties were in urgent need of further adjustments;(3)from 2007 to 2018,the contribution of the tourism industry agglomeration in Enshi Prefecture to the tourism ecological efficiency increased year by year,and the tourism industry agglomeration had a positive effect on the tourism ecological efficiency.