网络文学“免费论”与数字资本主义的症候

"Free Theory"of Network Literature and the Symptoms of Digital Capitalism

近两年网络文学开始尝试免费模式,从网络文学的历史来看,“免费论”呈现出多副面孔,前两次“免费论”表现的是试图解构著作权的网络共享文化,现在的“免费论”呈现的却是数字资本主义的症候。“免费论”意在吸引与扩大用户的基数,借助大数据的分发系统,海量用户的数据产生了广告价值,同时也带来了用户免费的数字劳动,强化了文学网站在数字资本主义中的平台地位。数字资本主义的视野有助于我们反思网络参与、共享文化中的意识形态话语。网络文学“免费论”接入了更多的读者人群,有可能改变社会的文学生活,但在总体上,会让网络文学的发展面临困局。

In the past two years,network literature has begun to try the free model.From the history of network literature,the"free theory"shows many faces.The first two"free theories"show the network′s shared culture trying to deconstruct copyright,but the current one shows the symptoms of digital capitalism.The"free theory"is intended to expand the base of users.With the help of the big data distribution system,a large number of users′data have generated advertising value,also brought users′free digital labor for literary websites,and strengthened its platform position in digital capitalism.The vision of digital capitalism helps to reflect on the ideological discourse in network participation culture.The free model has access to more readers,which may change the literary life of the society,but on the whole,it makes some difficulties for the development of network literature.