杭州市某社区糖尿病患者预防感染知信行现状及感染风险因素分析

Analysis of the risk factors of infection,and knowledge-attitude-practice of infection prevention of patients with diabetes mellitus in a community in Hangzhou City

目的调查杭州市某社区糖尿病患者预防感染知信行现状及感染风险因素,分析社区干预在预防感染方面的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月—2019年12月杭州市某社区260例糖尿病患者,调查其感染风险因素和预防感染知信行现状;另选取2020年1— 12月期间本社区新增糖尿病患者120例,分析社区预防感染干预方案的应用效果。结果 2018—2019年,糖尿病患者感染率为41.54%。年龄、病程、手术及侵袭性操作、应用抗菌药物种类、空腹血糖、合并慢性并发症和酮症酸中毒是社区糖尿病患者感染的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);2020年糖尿病患者预防感染知识(t=14.365)、态度(t=17.486)、行为(t=19.718)、总评分(t=20.540)均高于干预前,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区糖尿病患者预防感染知信行水平总体中等偏低,实施社区干预方案有利于提升患者知信行水平,降低感染发生率。

Objective To investigate the knowledge-attitude-practice and risk factors of infection prevention among diabetic patients in a community in Hangzhou City,and to analyze the application effect of community intervention in the prevention of infection.Methods 260 diabetic patients in a community of Hangzhou were selected to investigate the risk factors of infection and the knowledge-attitude-practice of infection prevention from January,2018 to December,2019,and the community infection prevention intervention program was formulated according knowledge-attitude-practice;another 120 cases of newly increased diabetic patients in the community were selected to analyze the application effect of community infection prevention intervention program from January to December,2020.Results From 2018 to 2019,the infection rate of diabetic patients was 41.54%.Logistic regression results showed that age,course of disease,operation and invasive operation,types of antibiotics,fasting blood glucose,chronic complications and ketoacidosis were risk factors of infection in community patients with diabetes mellitus(OR>1,P<0.05).In 2020,the knowledge(t=14.365),attitude(t=17.486),behavior(t=19.718)and total score(t=20.540)were all higher than before intervention,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall level of knowledge-attitude-practice of infection prevention is moderate and low;the implementation of targeted community intervention program is conducive to improving the level of knowledge-attitude-belief-practice of patients and reducing the incidence of infection.