2015—2019年太原市蔬菜水果农药残留监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in Taiyuan City from 2015 to 2019

目的了解太原市市售蔬菜水果农药残留情况,建立农药残留连续性基线数据,为提高蔬菜、水果农药残留合格率和农业部门监管水平提供科学依据。方法采集蔬菜、水果样品共666份,采用气相色谱—质谱法(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,GC-MS)检测氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类、有机磷类、有机氯类共50种农药残留量,根据GB 2763-2019《食品中最大农药残留限量》判定检测结果。结果总体检出率为1.53%,样品超标率为2.70%,蔬菜超标率顺位:鳞茎类>瓜菜类>茎叶菜类>根茎类,分别为8.89%、7.69%、4.84%和1.20%。检出国家禁用的农药样品37份,检出率为6.47%。结论通过监测分析,发现太原市市售蔬菜农药超标问题较为严重,水果中的农药检出率相对较高,应继续加强农产品质量安全监管工作。

Objective To understand the pesticide residues of vegetables and fruits in Taiyuan City,and establish continuous baseline data of pesticide residue so as to provide scientific basis for improving the qualification of vegetables and fruits pesticide residue and the supervision of agricultural departments.Methods A total of 666 samples of vegetables and fruits were collected,and 50 kinds of pesticide residues,such as carbamates,pyrethroids,organophosphorus pesticides and organic pollute,were detected by GC-MS.The results were determined according to GB 2763-2019"Maximum Pesticide Residue Limits in Food".Results The detection rate was 1.53%,and the rate of sample exceeding standard was 2.70%.The order of vegetables exceeding the standard:bulb vegetable>melon vegetable>stem and leaf vegetable>rhizome vegetable.The rates of exceeding standard were 8.89%,7.69%,4.84%and 1.20%,respectively.The pesticides banned by the state were detected in 37 samples,and the detection rate was 6.47%.Conclusion The problem of over pesticides in vegetables is relatively serious,and the detection rate of pesticides in fruits is relatively high.It is suggested to continuously strengthen the supervision of agricultural product quality and safety.