埃塞俄比亚中资企业员工心理健康状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of the mental health status and influencing factors of employees of Chinese enterprises in Ethiopia

目的了解埃塞俄比亚中资企业员工心理健康现状及影响因素。方法采用自行设计的一般情况调查表和GHQ-12心理健康量表对2020年12月27—28日在埃塞俄比亚境内的中资企业员工进行了心理健康状况调查,并应用二分类非条件logistic回归模型分析其心理健康的影响因素。结果埃塞俄比亚的154名中资企业员工中,有心理健康问题者占48.70% (GHQ-12总得分≥3分);员工近2周内的焦虑、抑郁情绪较为突出。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,员工回国计划受到影响、在埃塞俄比亚累计工作年限≤2年、担忧收入减少、按照网上所述症状怀疑自己患上新冠肺炎和社会局势动乱是影响员工心理健康状况的危险因素;而员工认为非洲生活环境较为艰苦或一般,正常工作和在家办公,所在公司分散就餐、发放洗手液、提供心理健康支持是员工心理健康的保护因素。结论埃塞俄比亚中资企业员工心理健康状况较差,心理健康状况受多种因素影响,应重视海外务工人员的心理健康问题,采取多种心理健康干预措施减轻其焦虑抑郁等不良情绪。

Objective To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors of staff of Chinese enterprises in Ethiopia.Methods Selecting employees of Chinese enterprises in Ethiopia to conduct the mental health questionnaire survey from December 27 to 28,2020,and performing binary logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors of the mental health.Results Among 154 employees,48.70%had mental health problems(a total score of GHQ-12≥3).The anxiety and depression of the employees in the last 2 weeks was relatively prominent.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the epidemic had an impact on the plan of returning home,cumulative working years in Ethiopia within 2 years,worrying about income decrease,suspection on COVID-19 infection based on symptoms described online and social unrest were risk factors of mental health.That employees thought that the living environment in Africa was difficult or ordinary,worked normally and worked at home,decentralized dining,distributed handed out sanitizer and provided mental health support were the protective factors of mental health.Conclusion The mental health status of employees of Chinese enterprises in Ethiopia is poor,and their mental health is affected by various factors.It is suggested to attach importance to their mental health and take various mental health interventions to reduce their anxiety and depression and other negative emotions.