紫金县369例学龄前儿童乳牙患龋情况调查

Investigation and analysis of caries in 369 preschool children’s deciduous teeth in Zijin County

目的调查分析紫金县幼儿园学龄前儿童乳牙患龋情况及相关危险因素。方法选择2019年3月至2020年9月在紫金县幼儿园就读的369例学龄前儿童作为调查对象。分析乳牙患龋情况,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic多元回归分析儿童乳牙龋病的危险因素。结果369例3~6岁儿童中患龋人数为189例,患龋率为51.22%,患龋牙数为746,以5岁及6岁儿童多发,以浅龋最为常见,其次为中龋及深龋,且下颌患龋率多于上颌,以下颌第2乳磨牙最多发,其次为下颌及上颌及第一乳磨牙,乳尖牙的发生率最低。年龄5~6岁、每天刷牙次数<2次、不使用含氟牙膏、喜吃甜食及饮料、父母文化程度大专以下、不定期口腔检查者患龋率分别高于年龄3~4岁、使用含氟牙膏、不喜吃甜食及饮料、父母文化程度大专以上、定期口腔检查者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,喜吃甜食及饮料(OR=1.719)为3~6岁儿童乳牙患龋的独立危险因素(P<0.05),每天刷牙次数(OR=0.788)、使用含氟牙膏(OR=0.707)、定期口腔检查(OR=0.789)为其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论紫金县幼儿园儿童的乳牙患龋发生率高,且容易受到多种社会行为因素的影响,临床加强对相关因素的干预对儿童乳牙龋病的预防有积极作用。

Objective To investigate and analyze the caries status and related risk factors in deciduous teeth of preschool children in Zijin County.Methods A total of 369 preschool children who studied in Zijin County Kindergarten from March 2019 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects.The caries status of deciduous teeth was investigated and analyzed,and the risk factors of caries in children’s deciduous teeth were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression.Results Among the 369 children aged 3 to 6 years old,189(51.22%)were found with caries,involving 746 caries.Most of them were 5 to 6 years old,with shallow caries being the most common,followed by medium caries and deep caries.The caries rate of mandible was higher than that of maxilla,and caries mostly occurred in mandibular second deciduous molar,followed by mandibular and maxillary first deciduous molar,with the lowest incidence in deciduous canine.The incidence of caries in children with age of 5 to 6,habit of brushing teeth less than 2 times per day,not using fluoride toothpaste,preference for sweets and beverages,whose parents’educational degree bellow college,irregular oral examination were significantly higher than those in children with age of 3 to 4,using fluoride toothpaste,who don’t like sweets and beverages,whose parents’educational degree bellow college,regular oral examination(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that preference for sweets and beverages(OR=1.719)were independent risk factors for caries in deciduous tooth of children aged 3-6 years(P<0.05),while times of brushing teeth every day(OR=0.788),use of fluoride toothpaste(OR=0.707),regular oral examination(OR=0.789)were protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of deciduous teeth caries kindergarten children in Zijin County is high,and it is easily affected by a variety of social behavior factors.Therefore,strengthening the clinical intervention of related factors may have a positive effect on the prevention of deciduous teeth caries.