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磁场中HD分子振转跃迁的超精细结构

Hyperfine structure of ro-vibrational transition of HD in magnetic field
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摘要 HD分子红外跃迁的精密测量被用以检验量子电动力学、确定质子-电子质量比等.但HD分子的超精细结构分裂对于测量精度是一个很重要的限制因素,并可能是实验中测得n=2-0谱带跃迁呈特殊线型的原因之一.本文分别在耦合表象和非耦合表象下计算了HD分子振转跃迁的超精细结构,并计算了不同外加磁场下HD分子(2-0)带中R(0),P(1),R(1)线的超精细结构,模拟了10 K低温下对应的光谱结构.结果表明,HD分子跃迁结构可随磁场发生明显变化.这可能有助于分析HD分子跃迁特异线型产生的机制,进一步获得其准确的跃迁中心频率,用于基础物理学检验. The precise measurement of the infrared transition of hydrogen-deuterium(HD) molecule is used to test quantum electrodynamics and determine the proton-to-electron mass ratio. The saturated absorption spectrum of the R(1) line in the first overtone(2–0) band of HD molecule has been measured by the comb locked cavity ring-down spectroscopy(CRDS) method in Hefei [Tao L G, et al. 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 153001], and also by the noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy(NICE-OHMS) method in Amsterdam [Cozijn F M J, et al. 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 153002 ]. However, there is a significant difference between the line center positions obtained in these two studies. Later the discrepancy was found to be due to unexpected asymmetry in the line shape of the saturated absorption spectrum of the HD molecule. A possible reason is the superposition of multiple hyperfine splitting peaks in the saturated spectrum. However, this model strongly depends on the population transfer caused by intermolecular collisions, which is a lack of experimental and theoretical support. In this paper, the hyperfine structures of the ro-vibrational transition of HD are calculated in the coupled and uncoupled representations. The hyperfine structures of the R(0), P(1) and R(1)lines in the(2 –0) band of HD molecule under different external magnetic fields are calculated. The corresponding spectral structures at a temperature of 10 K are simulated. The results show that the transition structure of HD molecule changes significantly with the externally applied magnetic field. The frequency shift of each hyperfine transition line also increases with the intensity of external magnetic field increasing. When the intensity of the external magnetic field is sufficiently high, the hyperfine lines are clearly divided into two branches, and they can be completely separated from each other. Because the dynamic effect of intermolecular collision and the energy level population transfer are very sensitive to the energy level structure, the comparison between experiment and theory will help us to analyze the mechanism of the observed special profiles. It will allow us to obtain accurate frequencies of these transitions, which can be used for testing the fundamental physics.
作者 唐家栋 刘乾昊 程存峰 胡水明 Tang Jia-Dong;Liu Qian-Hao;Cheng Cun-Feng;Hu Shui-Ming(Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)
出处 《物理学报》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第17期1-9,共9页 Acta Physica Sinica
基金 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(批准号:XDB21020100) 国家自然科学基金(批准号:21688102)资助的课题.
关键词 HD 超精细结构 塞曼效应 振转跃迁 HD hyperfine structure Zeeman effect ro-vibrational transition
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