在风险社会中看财产以及资源占有问题

Viewing Issues of Property and Resource Possession in a Risk Society

恩格斯在《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》中描述了财产私人占有的历史演变过程,分析了这种占有在社会以及国家建构中的决定性作用。在人类已经进入风险社会的时候,工业社会的占有方式及其社会系统都对风险社会中的人的共生共在作出否定,成为阻碍人类命运共同体建构的深层次障碍。可以认为,正是工业社会的资本主义占有方式把人类推入了风险社会,造成了人类整体上的全面异化。个人对财产的占有、组织对资源的占有,使人与自然、人与人相分离,无处不构造出了边界并开展竞争、斗争,源源不断地生产出社会风险,将这些社会风险积累了起来并笼罩在了整个人类头上,让人类陷落于风险社会之中。风险社会意味着一场深刻的社会变革,而这一变革的着手处恰恰是解决资本主义占有方式的问题。事实上,风险社会中的流动性也在客观上构成了对资本主义占有方式的否定。

In his work The Origin of Family,Private Ownership,and State,Engels described the historical evolution of private possession of property and analyzed the decisive role of such possession in the construction of society and the state.On entering a risk society,the possession mode of industrial society and its social system deny the symbiosis of people in such a society,and pose a deep-seated obstacle that hinders the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.It can be considered that it is the capitalist mode of appropriation in industrial society that has pushed humans into a risk society and caused the overall alienation of mankind as a whole.The possession of property by individuals and the possession of resources by organizations separate man from nature and man from man,which have resulted in boarders and competitions among people.Therefore,social risks are continuously produced and accumulated,thus throwing human into a risk society.Risk society means a profound social change,and the starting point of this change is precisely to solve the problem of capitalist appropriation methods.In fact,liquidity in a risk society also objectively constitutes a denial of capitalist mode of appropriation.