基层医疗卫生机构应急能力建设评估体系研究进展

Research on the Evaluation System of Emergency Capacity Building of Primary Medical and Health Institutions

21世纪以来,SARS疫情、新冠肺炎疫情等重大公共卫生突发事件给人类带来严峻的生命安全威胁。公共卫生应急管理体系是应对各类突发公共卫生事件的制度性保障和关键因素。科学评估基层医疗卫生机构应急管理体系建设,加强突发公共卫生事件应急体系网底建设,不仅是健康中国战略的重要组成部分,也是检验政府公共管理水平和卫生系统行政能力的重要标志,有助于解决体系建设中的“模糊地带”,明确服务职能,厘清现实问题。鉴于此,本研究综述了我国医疗卫生机构综合应急能力、应急体系建设、应急预案建设、应急人力资源建设、应急物资储备、评价指标构建等方面的评估进展,明确了改进我国基层医疗卫生机构应急能力建设评估指标体系应理论研究和实际应用相结合,充分把握评价指标选择的客观、全面和共性,建立一个有针对性、动态、能评估全过程的指标体系,以期能解决当前问题,并为未来各类突发公共卫生事件的预防工作奠定基础。

Since the 21st century,major public health emergencies such as the outbreak of SARS,COVID-19 have brought severe threats to human life and safety.The public health emergency management system is the institutional guarantee and key factor for responding to various public health emergencies.Scientifically evaluating the construction of the emergency management system of primary medical and health institutions,and strengthening the construction of the network of emergency response systems for public health emergencies,which is not only an important part of“Healthy China Strategy”,but also an important indicator for testing the government′s public management level and the administrative capacity of the health system,which can contribute to solve the“fuzzy zone”in the construction of the system,clarify service functions,and clarify real problems.Therefore,the progress of evaluating the comprehensive emergency response capabilities,emergency system construction,emergency plan construction,emergency manpower construction,emergency material reserve construction of medical and health institutions,and evaluation index construction were summarized in this study.It is clarified that improve the evaluation index system for the emergency capacity building of primary medical and health institutions in China,the theoretical research and practical application should be combined to fully grasp the objectivity,comprehensive and similarity of the evaluation index system selection,and establish a targeted and dynamic index system that can evaluate the whole process,in order to solve the current problems and lay the foundation for the prevention of various public health emergencies in the future.