374例药品不良反应分析及建议

Analysis and Suggestions of 374 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions

目的:分析本院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集本院2018年1月~2019年12月上报国家药品不良反应监测中心的374例ADR报告,按ADR报告的数量、患者年龄、给药途径、ADR涉及品种类别,以及药品所累及系统/器官的临床表现进行综合整理及分析,并对ADR典型病例提出用药建议。结果:374例ADR报告无季节变化规律,2019年发生数量是2018年的1.3倍,60~79岁患者发生ADR比例最大(占36.4%)。ADR涉及的药物以抗菌药物位居首位(161例,占43.0%);静脉滴注为引起ADR的主要给药途径(253例,占67.6%);ADR累及的器官和/或系统以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见(168例,占44.9%)。结论:ADR发生与多种因素有关,医院应全面加强ADR监测工作,保证临床用药安全有效,促进临床合理用药。

Objective:To analyze the characteristics and rules of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital,so as to provide references for clinical rational drug application.Methods:374 cases of ADR reported to the National Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were collected.The number of reports,patients'age,dosing way,categories involved in ADR,and the clinical manifestations of involved system/organs were comprehensively analyzed,and medication suggestions were put forward for typical ADR cases.Results:There was no seasonal change in 374 cases of ADR,and the number of cases in 2019 was 1.3 times of that in 2018.The proportion of elderly patients(60~79 years old)with ADR was the largest(36.4%).Among the drugs involved in ADR,antimicrobial drugs ranked the first(161 cases,accounting for 43.0%).Intravenous drip was the main route of ADR administration(253 cases,accounting for 67.6%).Among the organs/systems affected by ADR,skin and its appendages were the most common(168 cases,accounting for 44.9%).Conclusion:The occurrences of ADR are related to a variety of factors.Hospitals should comprehensively strengthen the monitoring of ADR to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug use and promote rational clinical use of drugs.