全氟聚醚空间润滑剂

Perfluoropolyethers Space Lubricants

空间环境涉及到超高真空、极端温度、强辐射及失重(微重力)等因素,因此对空间润滑剂的性能要求也较为苛刻。空间润滑剂除了要具备在大气环境下的通用性能之外,还需要具备可适应空间环境的润滑性能。就空间环境特性对润滑剂的影响及全氟聚醚润滑剂在空间环境中的特性进行了分析。全氟聚醚因独特的化学结构而具有优良热安定性,极低的蒸发度,黏温特性好,表面张力小及辐射安定性好等被广泛应用于航天器的润滑组件中。改善全氟聚醚与传统抗磨剂的相容性以提高其抗磨损性能需要进一步研究。

Ultrahigh vacuum,extreme temperature,strong radiation and weightlessness(microgravity)and other factors were involved in space environment,so the performances requirements of space lubricants were more strict.In addition to the general performances in atmospheric environment,space lubricants also need to have the lubrication performances that could adapt to space environment.The influence of space environment characteristics on lubricants and the characteristics of perfluoropolyethers lubricants in space environment were analyzed.Perfluoropolyethers(PFPEs)had been widely used in lubricating components of spacecraft due to its unique chemical structure,excellent thermal stability,extremely low evaporation rate,good viscosity-temperature characteristics,low surface tension and good radiation stability.Further research was needed to improve the compatibility of perfluoropolyethers with traditional anti-wear additives in order to improve their anti-wear performance.