中东欧国家入盟与欧盟东扩:是否为同一进程?

The Accession of Central and Eastern European Countries and the Eastward Expansion of the European Union:Are They the Same Process?

中东欧国家入盟与欧盟东扩看似为同一进程,实际上并非完全如此。中东欧国家要求加入欧共体和欧共体决定东扩的时间不一致;中东欧国家入盟和欧盟东扩的动机有相同的一面,但中东欧国家更看重入盟的经济利益,欧盟更看重东扩的安全意义,即便在相同的动机下,二者的考量和行为模式也有所不同;中东欧国家入盟和欧盟东扩的路径亦非完全对称,既有围绕入盟条件展开的形式上对称实际上不对等的路径,又有基于各自利益的不同路径。之所以如此,不仅是由于加入与接纳的角色不同,更是由于中东欧国家与欧盟老成员国的异质性及其带来的维护和争取自身利益的不同需要。这种异质性和不同的利益需求不仅影响中东欧国家入盟和欧盟东扩进程,而且在中东欧国家入盟和欧盟东扩后依然存在,影响中东欧成员国与欧盟的关系乃至欧盟和欧洲一体化的发展。

The process of central and Eastern European countries’accession to the EU is similar to that of EU eastward expansion,but it is not the same process.The time when central and Eastern European countries want to join EC is different from that when EC decides to expand eastward.Central and Eastern European countries are more concerned about the economic benefits of joining the EU,while the EU pays more attention to the security significance of eastward expansion.The paths of central and Eastern European countries’accession to the EU and EU eastward expansion are also not completely symmetrical.The reason for this is not only because of the different roles of accession and acceptance,but also because of the heterogeneity and different interests of central and Eastern European countries and old EU members.This heterogeneity and different interests will not only affect the process of central and Eastern European countries’accession to the EU and the eastward expansion of the EU,but also exist after the central and Eastern European countries’accession to the EU and the eastward expansion of the EU,affecting the relationship between central and Eastern European Member States and the EU,and even the development of the EU and European integration.