促进幼儿园儿童自由游戏行为的空间环境研究

Research on the Spatial Environment for Promoting the Free Play Behaviors of Kindergarten Children

本研究对上海两所公立幼儿园小、中、大班共6个班的儿童各进行两天的非参与式全天行为观察,提取其中自由游戏活动的时间段,采用相机拍摄和行为观察的方式每5 min记录一次游戏场景。根据记录数据分析儿童的游戏行为类型、人群规模、游戏场所和区角空间利用特征,得出适合儿童自由游戏活动需求的空间环境模式,为促进游戏行为的发生,提出与之相符的空间环境设计策略,为幼儿园的空间环境营建提供基础数据支持和研究方法参考。

In this study,two days of non-participatory all-day behavior observation was carried out on children in six classes of junior,intermediate and senior classes in two public kindergartens of Shanghai.The time period of free play activities was selected,and the play scene was recorded every 5 minutes by camera and behavior mapping.This paper analyzes the play behavior types of the kindergarten children,group size,play places and the utilization characteristics of the situated play areas according to the data recorded,and obtains the spatial environment model suitable for children’s free play activities.In order to promote the occurrence of play activities,the corresponding spatial environment design strategy is proposed to provide basic data support and research method reference for the construction of kindergarten spatial environment.