幼儿祖辈依赖量表的编制及信效度检验

Compiling Young Children’s Ancestral Dependence Scale and Its Reliability and Validity Test

为了编制本土化的、具有良好信效度的幼儿祖辈依赖量表,本研究采用方便取样法选取湖州市、嘉兴市、宁波市的910名幼儿教养人为被试,进行项目分析、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析。结果证明该项目具有良好的区分度。探索性因素分析提取了3个公因子,分别为认知依赖、情感依赖和行为依赖。验证性因素分析表明模型拟合良好。认知依赖、情感依赖、行为依赖3个分量表和总量表的内部一致性Cronbach’α系数分别为0.85~0.92,1个月后的重测信度为0.96~0.99。量表的各因素负荷量为0.50~0.90,组合信度(CR值)为0.82~0.92,平均方差抽取量(AVE值)为0.44~0.63,量表具有良好的内容效度、结构效度、聚敛效度和区别效度。祖辈依赖各维度均分及量表总均分,祖辈为主要教养人的幼儿得分显著高于父母为主要教养人的幼儿得分。幼儿与祖辈相处时间越长,幼儿表现出的对祖辈的情感依赖、行为依赖程度越高。本研究编制的幼儿祖辈依赖量表具有良好的信效度,能够作为进一步研究的有效测量工具。

In order to compile a localized,reliable and valid scale of young children's ancestral dependence,this study adopts the convenient sampling method to select 910 young children from Huzhou,Jiaxing and Ningbo for the project analysis,exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.The result shows that the project has a good degree of differentiation.Three common factors have been extracted from the exploratory factor analysis,they are named as cognitive dependence,affective dependence and behavioral dependence.Confirmatory factor analysis has shown that the model fits well.Between the subscales of cognitive dependence,emotional dependence,behavioral dependence and the total scale,their internal consistency has been found to be from 0.85 to 0.92 in Cronbach's Alpha,and the retest reliability is from 0.96 to 0.99 after one month.The factor load of the scale has ranged from 0.50 to 0.90,the combination reliability(CR value)from 0.82 to 0.92,and the average variance extraction(AVE value)from 0.44 to 0.63.The scale has good content validity,structure validity,convergent validity and differential validity.Between ancestral dependence on the average score of each dimension and the total average score of the scale,the scores of young children whose grandparents are the main nurturers are obviously higher than those of young children whose parents are the main nurturers.The more time young children spend with their grandparents,the higher the degree of emotional and behavioral dependence they show to their grandparents.Young children ancestral dependence scale compiled by this study has good reliability and validity and can be used as an effective measurement tool for further research.